The crowning of Hugh Capet as king of France begins the Capetian royal dynasty
Government
987
Peter Abelard, theologian and philosopher, falls in love with Heloise
Culture
1120
In Paris, Abbot Suger begins rebuilding St. Denis Basilica in Gothic style
Architecture
1137
"Peter the Venerable commissions the first Latin translation of the Koran."
Religion
1142
Building of Notre Dame de Paris begins
Architecture
1163
Holy relic survives fire and Chartres Cathedral rebuilt in Gothic splendor
Architecture
1194
Philip II Augustus fights the Plantagenets in the Anglo-French War of 1202–14
War
1202
French forces under Philip II capture Chateau Gaillard in Normandy
War
1204
Philip II Augustus becomes "first king of France" after capturing Rouen & Normandy
War
1204
Citizens of Beziers massacred in Albigensian Crusade against Cathar heresy
Religion
1209
Translations of Averroes by Michael Scot reach Paris
Philosophy
1210
Nation of France is born and Germany is weakened at the Battle of Bouvines
War
1214
King Louis IX buys Christian relics & begins Sainte-Chapelle, near Notre Dame
Religion
1239
Louis IX the Saint leads two disastrous crusades
War
1248
Summa Theologica is published after the death of Thomas Aquinas
Religion
1274
Sicilian Vespers rebellion begins in Palermo to oust French rule by Charles I
War
1282
Sea Battle of Malta: King Pedro of Aragon defeats King Charles, Duke of Anjou
War
1283
Philip IV agrees to peace with Edward I and no further aid to Scotland
Peace
1299
Jacques de Molay, last Grand Master of the Knights Templar, executed in Paris
Religion
1314