Classical Period of Greece

Reference

Excerpts from Books and Wikipedia

"In 499 BC, the Ionian city states under Persian rule rebelled against the Persian-supported tyrants that ruled them. Supported by troops sent from Athens and Eretria, they advanced as far as Sardis and burnt the city down, before being driven back by a Persian counterattack. The revolt continued until 494, when the rebelling Ionians were defeated. Darius did not forget that the Athenians had assisted the Ionian revolt, however, and in 490 he assembled an armada to conquer Athens. Despite being heavily outnumbered, the Athenians – supported by their Plataean allies – defeated the Persian forces at the Battle of Marathon, and the Persian fleet withdrew. Ten years later, a second invasion was launched by Darius' son Xerxes." [Wikipedia] Philip II of Macedon reigned 359-336 BC;