Excerpts from Books and Wikipedia
"In 1314 the Scots were struggling to escape the domination of the kings of England, led by the fearsome warrior-king Robert Bruce, who was also fighting to maintain his claim to the Scottish throne, which he had seized by force. Bruce usually avoided pitched battles, but in late June at Bannockburn he decided to stand and fight England's armored knights. . . . It took another fourteen years for the English to recognize Scottish independence, but Bannockburn is seen as a key turning point in Scottish history." [Furtado: 1001 Days] "King of Scotland from 1306, Robert Bruce emerged heroic from the war of Scottish independence. He had joined William Wallace in 1297 to resist Edward I's invasion, and was appointed one of the four guardians of Scotland 1298. From 1306-14 he transformed Scottish resistance from a guerrilla campaign into a coordinated national movement, which culminated in his decisive victory over the English at Bannockburn (1314). The Anglo-Scottish war persisted until 1328, but he was recognized as king by Pope John XXII in 1323. He forced Edward III to agree to the Treaty of Northampton whereby Scottish sovereignty was acknowledged by England." [DK Timelines, p. 228]