Excerpts from Books and Wikipedia
"When former Yugoslavia collapsed, Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosnia in our shorthand form) was the cauldron of calamity. No ethnic group was numerically dominant here, and this multicultural, effectively landlocked triangle of territory, lying between the Serbian stronghold to the east and the Croatian republic to the west and north, fell victim to disastrous conflict among Serbs, Croats, and Bosniaks (now the official name for Bosnia’s Muslims, who comprise just over half of the population of 3.8 million). At least a quarter-million civilians perished in concentration camps associated with ethnic cleansing practices; in 1995, a U.S. diplomatic effort resulted in a truce that partitioned the country as shown in Figure 4-24. In 2015, Bosnia reached an initial understanding with the EU that might result in a future candidacy for EU admission." [Geography: Realms, Regions, and Concepts, 17th Edition, p. 186-7]