Excerpts from Books and Wikipedia
"Vienna did not become the permanent capital of the Habsburg Monarchy until the reign of the Emperor Ferdinand II (1617–37) and could only turn itself from frontier fortress into Residenzstadt when the threat from the Turks was finally lifted following their abortive siege of 1683. . . . No longer did the great landowning magnates of Europe seek to challenge the monarch by building alternative power-centres on their estates. The English Wars of the Roses (1457–87), the French Frondes (1638–43), the Thirty Years War (1618–48), and the Hungarian rising led by Francis II Rákóczy (1703–11)–just to name a few of the more important convulsions–were all followed by a new sociopolitical alliance between ruler and privileged orders." [Blanning: Pursuit of Glory, p. 114]